Retraction & Corrections Policy

1. Types of Post-Publication Action

1.1 Correction (Erratum / Corrigendum)

A correction is issued when a published article contains a minor error that does not affect the validity of the results, conclusions, or interpretation of the work.

• Erratum: An error introduced by the journal during the editorial or production process.
• Corrigendum: An error made by the authors.

Corrections are published as a separate notice linked to the original article and are indexed alongside it. The original article PDF is updated where technically feasible.

1.2 Expression of Concern

An Expression of Concern is issued when:

• An allegation of misconduct is received and an investigation is ongoing
• There are indications that findings may be unreliable but investigation is inconclusive
• There is evidence of institutional non-cooperation with an investigation

This notice signals to readers that caution should be applied to the published findings while the matter is under review.

1.3 Retraction

A retraction is issued when published findings are unreliable due to honest error or research misconduct, and when the unreliability materially affects the conclusions of the article.

2. Grounds for Retraction

• Plagiarism of another work (exceeding acceptable limits or constituting substantial copying)
• Duplicate or prior publication without disclosure or appropriate cross-referencing
• Fabrication or falsification of data, results, or images
• Undisclosed major conflict of interest that would have influenced the editorial decision
• Unethical research (e.g., absence of required ethical approval)
• Authorship disputes that cannot be resolved and that fundamentally undermine the validity of the work
• Any other misconduct that renders the results or conclusions of the paper invalid

3. Investigation Process

JORMAR handles all allegations of misconduct as follows:

1. Allegation received — via the editorial office, author, reader, or third party
2. Preliminary assessment — Editor-in-Chief determines whether the concern has merit
3. Author notified — Authors are informed and given the opportunity to respond
4. Evidence reviewed — Editorial team reviews all available evidence; institution may be notified if misconduct is suspected
5. Editorial decision — Correction, Expression of Concern, or Retraction is issued as appropriate
6. Public notice — Decision is published and cross-linked with the original article

4. Retraction Notices

Retraction notices will clearly state the reason for retraction and be signed by the Editor-in-Chief. Retracted articles remain accessible online and are clearly watermarked "RETRACTED" on all pages. Metadata is updated to reflect the retraction status so that all indexing databases are informed.

5. Reporting Concerns

Readers, authors, reviewers, or third parties who have concerns about the integrity of a published article should contact the editorial office:

email : [email protected]
Subject line: Publication Integrity Concern — [Article DOI or Title]

All reports are treated confidentially and investigated in good faith.

Policy effective: 2026 | Based on COPE Retraction Guidelines | Reviewed annually | Questions: [email protected]